Virtual Network Architecture Diagram - Substate & Virtual Routers Explained #1479760 (License: Personal Use)

This diagram depicts a multi-layered network infrastructure where virtual routers and substate routers manage traffic across virtual links and substate links. End-systems connect to the network through these logical components, which may operate over underlying protocols like Ethernet, IP, or MPLS. The mesh topology ensures redundancy and dynamic path selection.

Used in networking documentation, educational materials, or vendor whitepapers to explain virtualized network functions (VNFs), SDN architectures, or carrier-grade IP/MPLS networks; targets network architects and engineers seeking conceptual clarity.