Varicose Veins Explained: Anatomy of Healthy vs. Diseased Veins #1909140 (License: Personal Use)

The image displays three panels: a healthy vein with functional valves ensuring unidirectional blood flow upward; a clinical view of a lower leg with visible, twisted varicose veins and reflux; and a magnified cross-section revealing a warped valve, dilated vein, thin vein wall, and skin protrusion due to venous hypertension. Red arrows indicate abnormal retrograde (downward) blood flow caused by valve incompetence.

Used on health education pages, vascular clinic websites, or patient resources explaining chronic venous insufficiency; matches user intent to understand causes, symptoms, and anatomy of varicose veins for self-education or pre-consultation research.