Mucosal Immunity Pathway: From Ingestion to Systemic Immune Response #3049566 (License: Personal Use)

The diagram depicts the sequential events of mucosal immunity: pathogens are taken up by M-cells in Peyer’s patches, processed by dendritic cells, and presented to T and B lymphocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Activated immune cells then migrate via circulation to secondary lymphoid organs like the spleen and bone marrow, and to peripheral sites including the liver and gallbladder, where reseeding of the lumen may occur via bile. Key mediators such as IFN-γ and cellular players-including neutrophils, macrophages, and epithelial cells-are highlighted throughout the pathway.

Used in immunology education, medical textbooks, or research presentations to explain gut-mediated immune responses, particularly in contexts like vaccine development, inflammatory bowel disease, or bacterial infection pathways. Matches user intent for understanding GALT function and systemic immune coordination.