Phrenology Chart: Historical Brain Mapping of Human Traits & Faculties #3506439 (License: Personal Use)

This intricate black-and-white engraving depicts a side-profile human head divided into dozens of labeled cerebral regions, each associated with a distinct mental faculty such as “Hope,” “Combativeness,” “Language,” and “Causality.” Each section contains a small allegorical scene illustrating the trait-e.g., two figures embracing for “Friendship,” or a person calculating for “Calculation.” The image reflects the pseudoscientific theory of phrenology, popular in the 19th century, which claimed personality and intellect could be determined by skull shape and brain topography.

Used in educational, historical, or museum contexts to illustrate outdated neuroscience theories; often appears in articles on the history of psychology, scientific misconceptions, or Victorian-era science. Matches user intent for visual learning, academic research, or curiosity about historical medical beliefs.