Lake Thermal Stratification Diagram: Epilimnion, Metalimnion, Hypolimnion Zones #3409572 (License: Personal Use)

This schematic depicts vertical thermal stratification in a reservoir, where the warm upper epilimnion layer sits above the thermocline (metalimnion) and cold, dense hypolimnion. The 4°C isotherm marks the deepest point of maximum density, influenced by the dam’s presence on the right, which alters natural flow from riverine through transitional to lacustrine conditions. Curved lines indicate temperature gradients, while horizontal bands denote distinct limnetic zones.

Used in limnology, environmental science, or hydroelectric engineering educational materials to explain how dams affect lake stratification, seasonal mixing, and ecosystem dynamics; targets students, researchers, and water resource managers seeking foundational knowledge.