Antibody Structure Explained: Variable vs Constant Regions & Antigen Binding #11379 (License: Personal Use)

This schematic depicts a classic Y-shaped immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, highlighting its functional domains: two identical antigen-binding sites at the tips of the arms, formed by variable regions of heavy and light chains; the constant region forming the stem; and the structural distinction between heavy and light polypeptide chains. Dashed lines demarcate functional zones critical for immune recognition and effector functions. The diagram serves as a foundational visual for understanding adaptive immunity mechanisms.

Used in educational biology, immunology, or medical science web pages to explain how antibodies recognize pathogens. Matches user intent for learning basic antibody anatomy, often accompanying articles on vaccines, diagnostics, or autoimmune diseases.